n souls have fallen from union with forms and must recover a lost harmony
n justice / the good life = harmony, order, each part perfecting its own role
n the just state is based in and parallels just individual souls
| Three Parts of the Soul | Three Classes of the State | Virtue |
| 1. the rational part | 1. the guardians (philosopher kings) | prudence |
| 2. the spirited part - like the will | 2. the auxiliaries (military) | courage |
| 3. the passionate part | 3. the workers | temperance |
n in each case (soul and state), part 1 must govern and part 3 must obey
n part 2 must align with part 1
n Horse and Chariot Image: rational part is the charioteer, guiding a cooperative horse (spirited) and a resisting horse (passionate) which must be whipped
n Plato’s Politics - man is social, and the state is a natural entity
n cycle of governments:
aristocracy (rule by best qualified for common good) à timocracy (rule by famous) à plutocracy (rule by wealthy) à democracy (mob rule by all) à tyranny (one despot)
n Plato’s Aesthetics
n there is an objective foundation of beauty—participation in Form of Beauty
n paintings, poems are less real - they are copies, another step away from Forms
Yorum Gönder