n inventor of formal logic as a tool (does not reduce philosophy to mere logic)
n intuition remains the most fundamental source of knowledge
n for deductive logic (moving from the universal to the particular), Aristotle devised the syllogism (two premises yield a conclusion)
n demonstration - true premises and valid syllogism give a true conclusion
n ten categories (listed below) used to relate subject and predicate:
n predicables: genus (general group, e.g. animal), species (specific kind, e.g. human), specific difference (property that sets apart the species, e.g. reason)
n The Great Laws of Being and Thought (also called the archai - first things)
1. Principle of Identity (A is A.)
2. Principle of Non-Contradiction (A thing cannot both be and not be.)
3. Principle of Excluded Middle. (A thing is either this or that.)
Yorum Gönder